Pyrolysis is not a gasification

Terms "pyrolisis" and "gasification" are not the synonyms. Pyrolysis and gasification are two different processes.

Commercial liquefaction pyrolysis plant

Waste (plastics / rubber) is fed into the pyrolysis rotary kiln reactor. The discharged pyrolysis gas is cooled down and the pyrolysis oil is condensed and then collected in the oil drum. The pyrolysis oil can be further used as a furnace fuel or a fuel for diesel generators. Pyrolysis oil can be further refined as well. The energy of non-condensed gases is used to heat-up the system and to generate steam. Off-gases are cleaned in the gas treatment. The pyrolysis process is easy in operation and maintenance since the pyrolysis is carried our at atmospheric pressure and no catalyst is used. All the products from the pyrolysis are utilized for feedstock recycling or energy recovery. system.  

Large scale Modular Pyrolysis Steam Cycle (MPSC) plant consists of several functional units (modules) implementing the proprietary pyrolysis process with coupled conventional steam cycle. The pyrolysis process converts waste (poor and inconsistent fuel) into better quality fuels namely pyrolysis gas and char.

More than 25 years of practical experience in pyrolysis technolgy have led to the modern version of the pyrolysis process namely MPSC facility. The industrial pyrolysis plant is comprised of pyrolysis of waste, followed by secondary combustion of the gaseous and solid products of pyrolysis. These steps followed by heat recovery to produce power and flue gas cleaning.

The pyrolysis plant performance is related to the quality of feedstock input namely calorific value and moisture content. Due to the built-in design features, the pyrolysis system under the consideration successfully accommodates sudden fluctuations in the waste quality from its average value, which occur within the pyrolysis facility design range.

The environmental data collected at the operating industrial pyrolysis facilities demonstrate the compliance of the pyrolysis facility with the requirements of EC Directive 2000/76/EC and in particular with regard to the dioxins/furans and heavy metals since they have potential impact to human health.

The pyrolysis plant does not produce waste water effluent from the gas cleaning system. Along with this obvious environmental advantage it also makes the system less expensive.

No special chemicals, which may have impact on the overall environmental performance, are required for the process. Under normal operating conditions only conventional reagents such as sodium bicarbonate and activated carbon are be required.

Another environmental aspect is the reduction of the residuals to be sent for landfill disposal. Just some non-reacted lime and formed calcium compounds collected in the bag filter chamber are sent to landfill disposal.

Volume of the solid process residuals to be landfilled is also reduced due to further utilization of char. Solid remains represent a harmless material comprising mainly mixture of silicic acid with oxides of calcium, iron and aluminum as well as with some sulphates and carbonates. Solid remains after the treatment at the facility can be used in the building industry, e.g as road fillers.

This pyrolysis system demonstrates

 

 Stable operation for a broad range of waste quality

 Emissions from the system are well below the limit values

 Flexibility in design and operation achieved by a modular design

 Effective initial waste volume reducing

 Efficient recovery of the materials and energy from the process

 Low operational costs; no supplementary external fuel supply for the normal operation, i.e.significant reduction of running costs

The pyrolysis system is designed for treatment of variety of different wastes such as municipal solid waste (MSW), sewage and oil sludge, automotive shredder residuals (ASR or car fluff), e-waste, rubber and tyres, medical waste, plastics, agricultural waste, as well as cleaning of the contaminated soil.  Dozens of the commercial pyrolysis facilities for treatment of different feedstocks were designed and built so far.

The pyrolysis facility can operate as stand-alone MPSC plant as well as the part of big power plants. In the last case the pyrolysis process thermally treats the waste and generates fuel, namely pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis char. These fuels are then co-fired in the power plant boiler unit. Pyrolysis process in this configuration disposes waste, simultaneously replacing part of the fossil fuels, consumed by the power plant.